UJIAN SEMESTER

PROGRAM PASKA SARJANA (S2) PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER MANAJEMAN UNIVERSITAS SINGA PERBANGSA KARAWANG

Nama : Drs.H.M.Solihin

NPM : 1041173405051

Mata Kuliah: Manajemen Strategi

Hari/Tanggal: Sabtu 11 Desember 2010

Tandatangan

Soal

Misalkan ada sekelompok orang akan merencanakan sebuah usaha dibidang:

-		Lembaga Kursus Bahasa
-		Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi
-		Wedding Organizer
-		Produksi alat-alat elektronika : alat/control (saklar) listrik/lampu rumah menggunakan handphone
-		Suplier pernak pernik (hiyasan/sopenir)
-		Bengkel motor / salon motor
-		Lembaga Keuangan (Koperasi Simpan Pinjam)
Pilih salah satu bidang yang diminati soal diatas
1).		Buat Visi dan Misinya
Jawab:				Visi Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi adalah “Terciptanya Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi yang haandal”
				Misi Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi adalah:
1.				Membuat program spesifikasi dibidang Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi;
2.				Membauat materi Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi yang mudah diserap dan difahami;
3.				Mencetak peserta pelatihan yang mampu menguasai Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi.
4.				Menghasilkan lulusan Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi yang berkualitas.
2).	Bagaimana Krangka Manjemennya.
Jawab				Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dibangun dengan pertama kali memahami Visi, Misi, Core Values serta Business Model yang merupakan latar belakang dan faktor-faktor kunci & faktor-faktor pendorong program. Kerangka Manajemen Strategi Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dibangun melalui proses Strategy Development & Planning yang pada akhirnya harus dapat menghasilkan Strategic Plan yang kemudian diterjemahkan ke dalam Operating Plan. Langkah pertama yang harus dilakukan dalam proses Strategy Development & Planning adalah penentuan jenis-jenis kegiatan  yang sesuai dengan kapasitas dan kompetensi garapan dan yang memiliki daya serap pasar yang tinggi, konsisten dan berkelanjutan. Di lain pihak, model pelatihan yang dipilih harus dapat memiliki Value Proposition, baik di tingkat industri maupun di tingkat masing-masing jenis usaha yang tergabung di dalam Klaster Industri tersebut. Penentuan jenis Pendidikan dan Latihan  tersebut dilakukan melalui proses Analisa Strategis dengan menggunakan metode Balanced Scorecard yang dipadukan dengan analisa SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities & Threats).
				Analisa Strategis (Strategic Analysis) Strategy Development & Planning dimulai dengan proses Analisa Strategis. Di dalam Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, proses Analisa Strategis dilakukan dengan cara melakukan analisa SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) yang disusun berdasarkan empat (4) perspektif metode Balanced Scorecard (BSC) yaitu persepektif Keuangan (Financial), perspektif Pelanggan (Customer), perspektif Proses Internal (Internal Process) dan perspektif Pembelajaran & Pertumbuhan (Learning & Growth).
				Menentukan Value Proposition Program Menentukan Value Proposition Program NEGERI MANDIRI Setiap usaha maupun Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi harus memiliki Value Proposition yang merupakan nilai jual usaha tersebut  yang digunakan sebagai ‘pemikat’ dalam menjaring potensi mitra-mitra strategis. Value Proposition tersebut harus dapat menjelaskan faktor-faktor pembeda (differentiating factors) apa saja yang dapat memposisikan usaha/ industri tersebut di atas usaha/ industri sejenis yang ada di pasar sehingga menjadikannya sangat menarik untuk dijalani oleh setiap potensi mitra-mitra strategis yang ingin dijaring. Dalam konteks Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, Value Proposition harus dapat dibangun di dua tingkatan yaitu tingkat Program dan tingkat Business Unit, yaitu jenis-jenis usaha yang tergabung di dalam Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi.
				Keempat kerangka persepktif Balanced Scorecard harus dapat diterjemahkan ke dalam strategi usaha yang dapat menjawab kebutuhan pembangunan Value Proposition Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, yaitu:
Perspektif Keuangan (Financial)					Kinerja keuangan seperti apa yang diharapkan oleh setiap stakeholder yang tergabung di dalam Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi? Setiap usaha yang ada di dalam Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi harus dapat meraih keuntungannya masing-masing. Keuntungan tersebut harus berada di atas tingkat rata-rata keuntungan yang dihasilkan oleh usaha sejenis di luar Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi. Secara kolektif, keuntungan yang dihasilkan oleh Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi harus berada di atas rata-rata industri sejenis.
Perspektif Pelanggan (Customer)					Untuk mencapai sasaran/ target keuangan, bagaimana caranya Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dapat menciptakan nilai tambah bagi setiap pelanggannya?
Perspektif Proses Internal (Internal Process)					Proses kerja seperti apa yang harus diterapkan di dalam Program untuk memuaskan setiap Pelanggan dan Stakeholder yang ada di dalam Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi?
Perspektif Lingkungan Hidup (Bisa digabung ke dalam Perspektif Proses, khususnya dalam aspek Kebijakan & Prosedure)					Bagaimana industri yang dibangun bukan saja memberikan dampak positif pada peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat, tetapi lebih dari itu berdampak pada peningkatan kualitas hidup masyarakat. Termasuk di dalamnya adalah aspek lingkungan hidup: pelestarian alam, pembangunan jaringan ketahanan sosial dan pelestarian budaya & kearifan lokal.
Perspektif Pembelajaran & Pertumbuhan (Learning & Growth)					Bagaimana Program Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dapat memanfaatkan kekayaan Sumber Daya Manusianya, Budayanya (dan kearifan lokalnya) serta keunikan sistem/ model usahanya (Business Model) semaksimal mungkin untuk secara berkelanjutan memperbaiki kinerja usahanya sehingga dapat secara konsisten mempertahankan daya saing unggulan berkelanjutannya?
3).	Bagaimana konsep PEL yang akan dikembangkan ?
Jawab			PEL sebagai proses yang dilakukan secara bersama oleh pemerintah, usahawan, dan organisasi non pemerintah untuk menciptakan kondisi yang lebih baik untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi dan penciptaan lapangan kerja di tingkat local, dengan demikian dalam merumuskan konsep PEL keterlibatan pemerintah lokal dan organsisasi masyarakat harus duduk bersama untuk mendorong, merangsang, memelihara, aktivitas usaha untuk menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan. Konsep PEL harus ditujukan sepenuhnya sebagai proses partisipatif yang mendorong kemitraan antara dunia usaha dan pemerintah dan masyarakat pada wilayah tertentu, yang memungkinkan kerjasama dalam perancangan dan pelaksanaan strategi pembangunan secara umum, dengan menggunakan sumber daya local dan keuntungan kompetitif dalam konteks global, dengan tujuan akhir menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan yang layak dan merangsang kegiatan ekonomi. Dikemukakan oleh Muda Kahuni bahwa, pengembangan ekonomi lokal yang akan dilakukan sesuai dengan karakteristik daerah. Namun demikian tetap menyesuaikan dengan panduan nasional tentang revitalisasi pengembangan ekonomi lokal. Dengan demikian konsep PEL yang dibangun oleh Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi harus berorentasi pada potensi local itu sendiri. Jika Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi didirikan di Karawang yang mayoritas masyarakatnya bertani, maka konsep PEL nya harus mendukung usaha pertanian, misalnya membuat pasar transaksi pertanian lewat elektronik.
4)		Bagaimana Rencana Stratejik Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi yang akan dikembangkan.
Jawab			Rencana Stratejik Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi yang akan dikembangkan adalah sebagai berikut:Strategi Pengembangan Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi meliputi: (1). Pengembangan sistem pelayanan pelatihan yang handal dan terpercaya serta terjangkau masyarakat luas. (2). Penataan sistem manajemen dan proses kerja Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi secara holistik. (3). Peningkatan peran serta dunia usaha dan pengembangan industri telekomunikasi dan teknologi informasi. (4). Pengembangan SDM di Lembaga Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dan peningkatan e-literacy masyarakat. (5). Pelaksanaan pengembangan secara sistematik melalui tahapan yang realistik dan terukur.
5). Apa Inovasi stratejik yang akan dikembangkan
Jawab			Innovation Strategy •         Scan and monitor the sources of innovation opportunity. •         Create a personal future-scan system. •         Integrate future scanning with your company's idea management system. •         Assault(penyerangan) industry assumptions. •         Broaden(meluaskan) your company's vision. •         Strategize your place in the first mover, fast follower race. Inovasi stratejik meliputi Product Innovation, Process Innovation, Strategy Innovation. Product Innovation is The process of bringing to life a new product/service to solve the customer's problem benefits (Proses yang mengarah kepada keragaman suatu produk / jasa baru untuk memecahkan masalah manfaat pelanggan). Process innovations juga dapat peningkatan profitabilitas lini bawah, mengurangi biaya, meningkatkan produktivitas, dan meningkatkan kepuasan kerja karyawan. Dengan adanya Product Innovatian Pelanggan juga mengambil manfaat dari jenis  inovasi ini dengan cara memperoleh produk yang bermutu tinggi serta pelayanan yang memuaskan. Innovation Levels Incremental Innovation Substantial Innovation Breakthrough Innovation  (terobosan) Innovation Model Model 1: The Suggestion System Model 2: Continuous Improvement Teams Model 3: New Venture Teams Model 4: The Incubator Lab Model 5: Innovation Teams
			Model 1 : The Suggestion System Suggestion programs provide employees an organized system through which to submit ideas and to have those ideas considered by a panel of dispassionate reviewers, who accept or reject them depending on pre-established criteria from management.
			Model 2: Continuous Improvement Teams Unlike suggestion programs that focus on motivating individual contributors to come forward with their ideas, Continuous Improvement Model systems rely on team collaboration. Sometimes called Kaizen Teams, (kaizen is the Japanese word for continuous improvement), they mostly focus on incremental, rather than substantial or breakthrough process on product improvements. Nevertheless, when these seemingly (kepatutan) small, continuous tweaks(teguran) produced by firm's rank and file workers are added up, they can be substantial in their bottom-line impact.
			Model 3:  New Venture Teams The goal of the New Venture Team Model is decidedly not cost-saving ideas, not incremental improvements, and not process innovations. Rather, the goal is more apt to be surfacing (and funding) unconventional product, service, or strategy ideas that have the potential to be breakthroughs(terobosan-terobosan).
			Model 4: The Incubator Lab The Incubator Model of Idea Management gained popularity along side the dot-corn bubble of the late 1990s and lost favor just as fast. Beneath the hype, the basic idea of incubators was not too different from the skunkworks(tidak menyenangkan) approach pioneered by Lockheed during World War II to rapidly develop and launch new aircraft by forming small, dedicated teams separate from the bureaucracy(birokrasi).
			Model 5: Innovation Teams The gist of this approach is to set up a company-wide network of people with demonstrated skills in innovation and give them very clear marching orders: Go out and find some new ideas that have promise.

UJIAN SEMERTER PERTAMA

POST GRADUATE PROGRAM (S2) MASTER STUDY PROGRAM MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY Lion PERBANGSA KARAWANG

Name: Drs.HMSolihin

NPM: 1041173405051

Subjects: Management Strategies

Day / Date: Saturday, December 11, 2010

Signature

About

Suppose there is a group of people will plan a business in the field:

-		Institute for Language Course
-		Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology
-		Wedding Organizer
-		Production of electronic equipment: equipment / control (switch) electrical / lighting homes use mobile phones
-		Supplier of knick knacks (hiyasan / sopenir)
-		Repair motor / motor salon
-		Financial Institution (Cooperative Savings and Loans)
Choose one of the above areas of interest about
1).		Create a Vision and Mission
Answer:				Vision Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology is the "Creation of Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology haandal"
				Mission Training Institute for Information Technology and Communication are:
1.				Creating a program specification in the field of Information and Communications Technology Training;
2.				Training  Making materials Information Technology and Communications that are easily absorbed and understood;
3.				Print trainees who are able to master the Information and Communication Technology.
4.				To produce graduates of the Institute of Information and Communication Technology Training of quality.
2).	How Manjemennya framework.
Answer				Program Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology was built with a first understanding the Vision, Mission, Core Values and Business Model which is the background and key factors and the factors driving program. Strategic Management Framework Program Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology was built through the process of Strategy Development & Planning , which in turn should be able to produce the Strategic Plan, which is then translated into the Operating Plan . The first step that must be done in the process of Strategy Development & Planning is the determination of the types of activities  in accordance with the capacity and competency claim and who have high market absorption, consistent and sustainable. On the other hand, the training of the selected model should be able to have the Value Proposition , both at the industry level and at the level of each type of business that is incorporated in such industrial clusters. Determining the type of education and training  is done through a process of Strategic Analysis using the Balanced Scorecard , combined with SWOT analysis ( Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities & Threats ).
				Strategic Analysis (Strategic Analysis) Strategy Development & Planning begins with the process of Strategic Analysis. In the Program Training Institute of Information and Communication Technologies , Strategic Analysis process done by doing a SWOT analysis ( Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats ), which is based on four (4) the perspective of the method of Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a perspective of Finance ( Financial ), perspective Customer ( Customer ), the Internal Process perspective ( Internal Process ) and Learning & Growth perspective ( Learning & Growth ).
				Determining the Value Proposition Program Determining the Value Proposition Program INDEPENDENT STATE Every business and Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology must have a Value Proposition that is selling the business value   that is used as a 'teaser' in attracting potential strategic partners. Value Proposition should be able to explain the distinguishing factors ( differentiating factors ) anything that can position a business / industry on the business / industry type on the market making it very attractive to be lived by each potential strategic partners who would like Dragnet. In the context of the Program Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology , Value Proposition should be built in two levels of degree programs and the level of business units, namely the types of businesses incorporated in the Program Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology .
				The four perspective framework Balanced Scorecard must be translated into a business strategy that can address the development needs of the Value Proposition Program Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology , namely:
Financial Perspective ( Financial )					Financial performance such as what is expected by all stakeholders is incorporated in the Program Training Institute of Information and Communications Technology ? Any business that is in the Program Training Institute of Information and Communications Technology should be able to achieve the benefits of each. These advantages must be above the average level of profits generated by a similar business outside the Program Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology . Collectively, the profits generated by the Program Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology must be above the average industry.
Customers Perspective ( Customer )					To achieve the targets / financial targets, how Training Institute Program Information and Communication Technology to create value for every customer?
Internal Process Perspective ( Internal Process )					Work processes such as what should be implemented in the program to satisfy every customer and stakeholders who are in Agency Program Information and Communication Technology Training?
Environmental Perspectives (Can be combined into a process perspective, especially in the aspect of Policy & Procedure)					How the industry is built not only provides a positive impact on improving the local economy, but more than that impact on improving the quality of life. These include the environmental aspects of life: preservation of natural, social security network development and preservation of culture and local wisdom.
Learning & Growth Perspective ( Learning & Growth )					How the Program Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology can take advantage of the wealth of Human Resources, the culture (and its local wisdom) and the uniqueness of the system / business model ( business model ) as closely as possible to continuously improve its business performance so that it can consistently maintain the sustainability of superior competitive advantage?
3).	How does the concept of LED to be developed?
Answer			LED as a process undertaken jointly by government, business, and nongovernmental organizations to create better conditions for economic growth and job creation at local level, thereby LED involvement in formulating the concept of local government and community organsisasi should sit together to encourage , stimulate, maintain, business activity to create employment. Concept LED should be fully addressed as a participatory process that encourages partnerships between business and government and society in a particular area, which enables collaboration in the design and implementation of development strategies in general, by using local resources and competitive advantage in a global context, with the ultimate goal to create decent jobs and stimulate economic activity. Put forward by Young Kahuni that, local economic development which will be conducted in accordance with regional characteristics. Nevertheless, you still conform with national guidelines regarding the revitalization of local economic development. Thus the concept of LED and built by the Institute of Information and Communications Technology Training should be oriented to the local potential itself. If the Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology was established in Falkirk a majority of the farming community, then it must support the concept of LED and agricultural businesses, such as making agricultural markets through electronic transactions.
4)		How Strategic Plan for Information and Communications Technology to be developed .
Answer			Strategic Plan for Information and Communication Technologies to be developed are as follows: Strategy Development Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology include: (1). Development of training services that are reliable and trustworthy and affordable public. (2). Structuring management systems and work processes Training Institute of Information and Communication Technology holistically. (3). Increased participation of the business and industrial development of telecommunications and information technology. (4). Human Resource Development at the Institute of Information and Communications Technology Training and improving e-literacy communities. (5). Implementation of development systematically through the stages of a realistic and measurable.
5). What strategic innovations to be developed
Answer			Innovation Strategy •          Scan and monitor the sources of innovation opportunity. •          Create a personal future-scan system. •          futures scanning integrate with your company's idea management system. •          Assault ( assault ) Assumptions industry. •          Broaden (expand) your company's vision. •          Strategize your place in the first mover, fast follower race. Innovation Strategic include Product Innovation , Process Innovation , Strategy Innovation. Product Innovation is the process of Bringing to life a new product / service to solve the customer's problem benefits (The process that leads to the diversity of a new product / service to solve the problem of the benefit of customers). Process Innovations also can increase the profitability bottom line, reduce costs, improve productivity, and increase employee job satisfaction. With the Product Innovatian Customers also take advantage of this type of   innovation is a way to obtain high-quality products and services. Innovation Levels substantially Incremental Innovation Innovation Innovation Breakthrough  (Breakthrough) Innovation Model Model 1: The Suggestion System Model 2: Continuous Improvement Teams Model 3: New Venture Teams Model 4: The Incubator Lab Model 5: Innovation Teams
			Model 1: The Suggestion System Suggestion programs Provide employees an organized system, through the which to submit ideas and to have those ideas Considered by a panel of dispassionate reviewers, accept or reject WHO Them depending on pre-established criteria from management.
			Model 2: Continuous Improvement Teams That suggestion Unlike programs focus on Motivating individual contributors to come forward with Their ideas, Continuous Improvement Model Rely on team collaboration systems. Sometimes Called Kaizen Teams, (kaizen is the Japanese word for continuous improvement), They Mostly focus on incremental, rather Than substantial or breakthrough process on product improvements. Nevertheless, these seemingly Pls ( propriety ), small, continuous tweaks ( warning) produced by firm's rank and file workers are added up, They cans be substantially in Their bottom-line impact.
			Model 3 :   New Venture Teams The goal of the New Venture Team Model is decidedly not a cost-saving ideas, not incremental improvements, and not process Innovations. Rather, the goal is more apt to be surfacing (and funding) unconventional product, service, or strategy That ideas have the potential to be breakthroughs ( breakthroughs ) .
			Model 4 : The Incubator Lab The Incubator Model of Idea Management gained popularity along side the dot-corn bubble of the late 1990s and lost favor just as fast. Beneath the hype, the basic idea of incubators was not too different from the skunkworks ( not fun ) approach pioneered by Lockheed During World War II, to rapidly develop and launch new aircraft by forming small, dedicated teams separate from the bureaucracy ( bureaucracy ) .
			Model 5 : Innovation Teams The gist of this approach is to set up a company-wide network of people with demonstrated skills in innovation and give Them very clear marching orders: Go out and find That Some new ideas have promise.